Optical Fiber and WLAN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Optical Fiber and WLAN - Essay Example However, working on an efficient frequency use, one point must be addressed i.e. GSM mobile and wireless network users will use the same medium i.e. air and that may result in in an interference or obstruction of frequencies, if design is not adequate (Al-Hunaity 2011). Wireless LAN utilizes radio frequencies or electromagnetic waves for carrying signals to the source or destination similar to Amplitude Modulation AM, frequency modulation FM or Frequency Division Multiple Access FDMA. FDMA allocates the available frequency range in to small ranges that are also called sub-frequencies. After dividing the sub frequencies, each sub frequency is utilized as a stand-alone frequency and is called as a channel. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has defined Wireless LAN standards by IEEE 802.11. The IEEE 802.11 standard is defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated. Likewise, overviews of wireless LAN standards are demonstrated below (Al-Hunaity 2 011): IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode) standard was defined in 1997, as it talks about two bandwidth rates i.e. 1 Megabits per second (Mbps) and 2 Megabits per second (Mbps) operational in a 2.4 GHz frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) and in the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS). IEEE 802.11a is operational on a 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum and utilize frequency band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) that offers a maximum data transfer rates of 54 Mbps. Moreover, it also offers 12 channels that are non-interference along with 4 outdoor channels and 8 indoor channels. IEEE 802.11b standard is operational on a 2.4 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum that offers... Moreover, bandwidth access for end users may reach 1 GB per day by 2015 and 10 GB per day by the end of 2020 (Parker, Walker et al. 2010). Likewise, research and studies associated with NGA incorporates convergence with different technologies and the wireless convergence is addressed by Radio over Fiber (Parker, Walker et al. 2010). A fiber radio network consists of two different domains, one is optical and the other one is wireless. The wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), in the optical domain is used to combine a number of wavelengths together in order to send them through a network known as fiber-optic network. Hence the growing use of available fiber bandwidth and maximizing total data throughput, a single CO supply each remote radio BS and has access to divide optical wavelength, therefore to accomplish the requirements of future bandwidth wireless. From CO to BS a separate optical wavelength is allocated in the downlink. However, it can be used in the uplink route as BS to CO. On the contrary, a channel offset method can be used or downlink and uplink channels can be interleaved because, by using the identical wavelength in both the directions is not necessary. The main aspect that determines the type of that optical network and the tools used in CO and BS is that whether the data designed for the BS i s sent at the baseband or at intermediate-or radio-frequency(IF and RF).