A Sample Yale Som Essay Will Help You Learn How to Write a College Essay

A Sample Yale Som Essay Will Help You Learn How to Write a College EssayA Sample Yale Som Essay must be appropriate for all undergraduate courses, but the type of Essay you choose to write depends on the course you take. You should also make sure that your writing style is appropriate for the course you are taking and your writing skills.It is very important to understand that this type of writing will not be appropriate for all college courses. You must first decide which course you want to teach, before you attempt to write an essay.Before you write an essay for a college course, there are a few things you must first do. First, take some time to review the content of the class and try to determine where the emphasis is on that course. Do you have to write an essay based on a textbook or a course description?You must look at sentence structure and how the sentences tie together to create a unified message. You should also pay attention to how your essay makes use of passive voice. P assive voice usually occurs in academic writing and it can be difficult to write a Som Essay that will stand up against a standard essay.Sentence structure is just one of the major components you need to know about when you are attempting to write a College essay. Make sure that the flow of your essay flows properly, keeping your paragraphs together so that they do not become too long.There are a number of ways you can go about creating your essay. A sample Yale Som Essay will help you understand the different elements of an essay.You will be able to use a template to get the most from this tool, which is an easy way to learn how to write an essay by a professional lecturer. Remember that an essay is the best way to express your opinion and express a large amount of information in a few short sentences. That is why you will be able to use an essay for many courses and colleges.It is important to make sure that your teaching will continue in the same state, so that you can continue t o promote a quality education for your students in the future. The process of learning how to write a College essay will help you to write it effectively and confidently.

4 Persuasive Essay Techniques

4 Persuasive Essay TechniquesIt is critical that a persuasive essay writer incorporates every aspect of persuasive argument into their work. Arguments are only as powerful as the reader's support, and the stronger the support, the more powerful the argument.In order to write a persuasive essay, the writer should use the various skills listed below. The skills of persuasive argumentation were developed through years of research and experimentation by many different writers. Reading a brief description of each skill should be enough to help the writer to understand how these skills can make a persuasive essay even stronger.First, in order to develop the skills needed to make a persuasive essay, the writer should become familiar with the four major types of persuasive argument. The four major types of argument include the substantive argument, the causal argument, the historical argument, and the ethical argument. Each of these types of argument is used by many different authors in diff erent circumstances.Next, the writer should become familiar with the four elements of a persuasive essay. These elements include themes, structure, argumentative tone, and language. These elements all contribute to the reader's feeling of approval or disagreement. Consistent themes and key phrases, as well as easy to understand arguments with strong language and convincing tone are all beneficial for the writer to use when writing a persuasive essay.Finally, in order to make a persuasive essay, the writer should use the four main strategies for persuasive argument. The four strategies include argumentative style, rhetorical argument, tactful argument, and fair debate. These four strategies are all developed through years of research by persuasive writers. Each of these tactics is effective in different scenarios. Consistent and fair debate are both effective tactics for use in persuasive argument.When writing a persuasive essay, the writer should not limit themselves to one of these techniques. Using more than one tactic, as well as several different techniques for argument is also effective.By making use of the four persuasive essay techniques listed above, a person can successfully craft a persuasive essay that will help to win a debate. All of the techniques are effective, so as long as the writer can make the most of each of the four techniques, they will be able to use each successfully.With these four skills and tactics, a person can learn how to make a persuasive essay that will enhance the author's credibility and success in a college debate competition. This will help a person achieve success in their career as a persuasive essay writer.

Secret Techniques for Coalition App Essay Topics That Only Couple of People Know About

Secret Techniques for Coalition App Essay Topics That Only Couple of People Know About Here's What I Know About Coalition App Essay Topics You will shortly locate the official data about us. If you've always experienced difficulties with this sort of assignment or couldn't find relevant data to supply solid arguments, our experts are at your services. Even then you're not able to discover the informative and accurate details. You're able to select a topic that apparently appears unique and fascinating, but when it has to do with finding relevant info on it there is none. If you experience a writer's block try utilizing essay introduction generator to provide you with some suggestions on how to proceed. In the majority of instances, you will need to develop a topic which will allow other people to realize your standpoint, and telling them to think that what you write is true. The actual individuals highly praise our essay help site. To make sure you are on the most suitable way you will need help in writing your paperwork. How to Get Started with Coalition App Essay Topics? Despite the fact that this task requires just a few things to finish, most students find it extremely difficult to compose an essay with quality. Even though it's common, student has to acquire right to become excellent grades. Students want the essay topic generator like they require food. Often college students get into lots of stress to get the suitable topic for the essay. It's well known, that argumentative essay demands an in-depth investigation of the topic, good evidence and an excellent comprehension of the taken position about the problem. You can depend on the very best essay help online. No matter if you're looking for essay topic generator or merely want professional assist with your college or university essay, we are pleased to supply you with a help hand! An essay generator is an alternative for those students that have problems to seek out something to chat about on their essays, they don't have the creativity neither the patient to choose a topic type instead of even a subject location. It will be simpler for you to keep a great flow and remember all the points you want to cover in the essay. Your essay is going to be made in time, which means you aren't going to be stressed about the potential delay. Finding out how to compose an essay is something which will help students not just in their school and college career, but throughou t their life too. In a world like this where every subject was exposed, it is difficult to locate new topics to speak about. Coalition App Essay Topics - What Is It? Choosing our service, you are going to realize that studying can be simple if you gain from the help of capable experts. If you truly intend so that you are able to enhance or maybe boost any track record with a person's most recent job, look at some type of Executive MBA or a Part-Time MBA. It's possible to easily depend on us to find essay help as we have a tendency to assist and guide the students with the aid of our professional experts. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. Searching endlessly and visiting dozens of sites which only promise a wide variety of fresh and great ideas, but, in reality, have the same topics. The next time you've got an assignment, you know that you'll be able to create a distinctive essay using Essay Generator FX. With just essay questions and a few keywords it's going to be able to produce written work that's unique, creative and absolutely free of plagiarism, in only a couple of seconds. These essay generators are generally proven to be full of mistakes. The majority of people have written an essay. So far as essay structure goes, a 4 or 5 paragraph essay based on the number of points you may want to argue is a superb start. Two new essay options are added, and a number of the previous questions are revised. Well, no matter your reason may be, if you have located the topic which you are passionate about, all you have to do is contact our expert writers and get essay help from the top essay writing service available. So as to compose this essay, you should think analytically. Nowadays it is extremely hard to locate a trustworthy essay writing service. The real leadership essay is simple to read and understand. Some can even offer like five hundred or perhaps a thousand of suggestions for your essay. Now it's possible for you to learn how to write a scholarship essay. Persuasive essay is also referred to as the argument essay. The essay itself needs to be written in a concise way.

Retail Supply Chain Management Free Essays

string(62) " Buy have taken over the leadership role in the supply chain\." Introduction Literature review Extensive research papers on supply chain management have been published in various journals. Supply chain management has gained centre stage in most research studies and is considered one of the most powerful business improvement tool. Companies around the globe are pursuing supply chain as the best methodology of increasing customer satisfaction, building on revenue, reducing cost and for better utilization of assets. We will write a custom essay sample on Retail Supply Chain Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Clearly, this management tool has assumed a significant role in international business. The importance of logistics was first described in 1962. Drucker (1962) asserted that for every dollar that the average American spends on goods, 50 cents accounts for the activities incurred in the process of extraction. He further pointed out that the distribution process occurs when physical properties of matter are converted into economic value. Over the past years, a number of studies have made an in depth study of the organization as a system. To fully comprehend supply chain management, it is imperative to study the organization as an open system. Recently, there has been a hot debate regarding the conceptual meaning of supply chain management. Ganeshan Harrison (1995), defined SCM as a network of facilities and distribution options with core functionality of procurement, and transformation of materials into finished products. Lee Corey (1995), asserted that SCM consists of integration activities taking place in a network of facilities that procure and transform raw material into intermediate and final product. While according to Christopher (1998), supply chain comprise of a network of organizations involved in the various activities and processes that produce value in form of product and service. Mentzer et al (2001), on the other hand, postulates it as a strategic and systematic coordination of business functions within a supply chain with the aim of improving long term performance of the company. From a general point of view, Supply chain management embraces various aspects such as logistics, operation management, transportation, marketing, materials and distribution management as well as purchasing and information technology. It involves the transformation of the company’s supply chain into an optimal efficient process whereby the whole supply chain is considered more important than each individual department. A literature review on supply chain management reveals a considerable spurt in research in theory and practice John (2006) in his paper â€Å"supply chain management: theory, practice and future challenges†, analyzed the current developments in supply chain management practices. Through such analysis, he identified barriers, possibilities and key trends on the current developments in theory and practice of SCM. From the research study it emerged that supply chain management was still developing in both theory and practice. Khann, Bernard Burnes (2008) developed a research agenda for SCM. Their study identified a number of key debates in the general literature risk that needed to be recognized when applying risk theory and risk management approaches in SCM. Additionally, it emerged that the risk theory was still at its early stages in supply chain management and that proposed models of supply chain risk needed to be tested empirically. In their paper of â€Å" Global supply chain design: A literature review and critique† Mary, Vidyaranya Gargeya (2005) examined the decision support models which could be employed in the design of the supply chain. They went ahead to determine the relation between the research literature and practical issues in the design of global supply chain. Reviews were conducted for various dimensions such as performance metrics, decisions addressed in the model, globalization consideration and degree to which the model was line with integrated decision process. The review was based on issues emerging in the global supply chain management. The findings indicated that while most models were able to resolve the global problems, few of the models were successful in addressing the design problem in supply chain. It concluded that a more practically oriented and forward looking global supply chain modeling would be ideal. Several articles and journals have been published on theory and practice of supply chain management, however, this management area is still under considerable development and debate. In spite of the increasing awareness on the importance of SCM practices by academicians and practitioners’, failures in implementing these practices still exist. The reasons behind the unsuccessful implementation of these practices lie precisely on the complexities of SCM and organizational performance. One of the most crucial factors that must be taken into account in supply chain management is the alignment of the supply chain initiatives with business strategy of an organization or company. Porter (1996) differentiates between the business strategy and operational effectiveness. He notes a number of business trends focused on improving their operational effectiveness. Porter (1996) points out that company must understand and make trade off when choosing the best strategy and activities to perform. Hammer (2004), on the other hand devise different methodologies to be employed by a firm for it to perform its activities optimally. He identifies operational innovation as a central component to many great business successes including Wal-Mart. This is evident by Wal-Mart’s steady stream of operational innovation that has been used to support its business strategy of offering consumers lower prices. Hammer concluded that when implementing supply chain practices, operational effectiveness need to be taken into consideration. Studying supply chain practices in the context of international retail business, involves identification of networks consisting of suppliers, wholesalers, retailers, and other intermediaries. Initially, power in supply chain rested with the manufacturers and focused mainly on operations, distribution, inventory and transportation functions at the firm level. Both the retailers and the suppliers tended to align themselves with the manufacturers priorities. Research was also conducted from the manufacturing centric perspective. Following the growth of discounting in the recent years, there has been a fundamental shift in the market place power from manufacturing to retail. The production process once dominated by the manufacturers such as General Motors, Proctor and Gamble among others, have been taken over by organizations closer to the consumers. Multinational retailers such as Walmart, Target and Best Buy have taken over the leadership role in the supply chain. You read "Retail Supply Chain Management" in category "Essay examples" However, a great deal of studies conducted has been on manufacturing centric with a major focus on the supplier manufacturer relationship. Existing streams of research have been slow to respond to this new retailer driven reality. Clearly, the power shift downstream has left a huge gap in the supply chain research. SCM is critical to the success of retail businesses. It determines the end consumer cost and has significant impact on the value of the shareholder. A study by Morisson Assendelft (2006), showed retailers stock prices fall by 9 % upon the disclosure of supply chain problem. Yet little has been done on the retail segment concerning SCM issues, capabilities and outcomes. This is shocking since most executives in the industry describe themselves as retail supply chain managers. More so, there are multiple conferences that are entirely focused on retail supply chain management such as â€Å"Retail industry Leaders Association Leaders in Logistic Conferences†. Inspite of these, research on retail supply chain management is still scanty. The lack of focus on retail supply chain management reveals a substantial gap in the industry. Despite the growing concern on supply chain management in the retail industry, most empirical research studies conducted in the past have been narrowly focused, lacking a holistic conceptualization and application. Further, a dozen of published articles on SCM generally address narrowly defined issues such as inventory error rates, in stock position and direct product profitability. Only a few of the studies have managed to explore on the broader, strategic supply chain issues from a retail perspective. Lowson (2001) examined the operational strategies employed by retailers in Europe and US. His findings were that retail supply chain managers used a broad array of strategies such as time based competition, quick response, and postponement among others. Recently, Van Assendelft Morrison (2006) recap the results of an IBM study of 795 retailers globally. The study was focused on inventory. The findings of this research study showed that the best performing multinational retailers, especially Wal-Mart, Tesco and Amazon.com, demonstrated a revenue growth of more than twice that of other retailers with an operating margin of one third higher. Studies by Charmaz (2006) have enormously contributed to retail supply chain management. Charmaz study was based on an interview with various retail executives. Constant comparative technique of grounded theory was used by Charmaz to analyze interview transcripts and identify major issues in retail SCM. He concluded that retail supply chain management requires agility driven by a broad realization that change is the new norm in the global economy. Some published articles delve on the supplier to retailer link for a single product while others describe the supply chain for a particular region or retail outlet. For example, Francis, Hines Bailey (2006) examined the distribution of pineapple in Australia. While Marchant, Fernie Pfab (2000) explored on the grocery logistics of Spain. Khan, Bernard Burnes (2008) used a retailer as a case study in exploring supply chain risk. Despite the critical role played by supply chain management in the retail industry, research on supply chain management has been given scant coverage in retail academic journals. Only a few articles have been published in the Journal of Retailing. Moreover, these articles are point focused and primarily deal with traditional inter firm relationship issues such as conflict management (Weitz, Bradford Stringfellow, 2004), power (Perry Bloom, 2001), coordination (Parry Ingene, 2000), dependence (Lagace Gassenheimer, 1994), and partnering (Zacharia, Mentzer Min, 2000). This is however not surprising. Research on retail supply chain management has been more an extension of the manufacturing theory along with distribution and consumer product theory, rather than a holistic construction of a critical research domain. Most existing literature simply fail to provide the broader understanding on the strategic importance of Supply chain management to retailers and how shift in power impacts on retail supply chain management. Clearly, research on SCM has been slow to respond to this new reality. Certainly, new insights into retail supply chain management must be developed to address the gap existing in literature. Based on the above discussions, this paper seeks to address three interrelated questions How does the retail centric paradigm shape the problems of supply chain How does the shift in power influence supply chain alignment And what are the challenges currently facing retail supply chain managers Reference: Charmaz (2006), Constructing grounded theory: Apractical guide through qualitative analysis, CA: Sage publications Christopher (1998), Logistics Supply Chain Management: Strategies for Reducing Costs and Improving Services, London, Pitman publishing Francis, Hines Bailey (2006), Quality based pricing: A catalyst collaboration and sustainable change in the agrifood industry, â€Å"international journal of logistics management†, vol 17, pp 240 – 259 Ganeshan Harrison (1995), An Introduction to Supply Chain Management, Department of Management Sciences and Information Systems, Hammer (2004), Deep Change: How Operational Innovation Can Transform Your Company. Harvard Business Review, 82(4), 84-93 John (2006), supply chain management: theory, practice and future challenges, West Sussex, Wiley publishers Khan, Bernard Burnes (2008), The impact of product design on supply chain risk: A case study, International journal of physical distribution logistics management, Vol 38, pp. 412 – 432 Lagace Gassenheimer (1994), The impact of dependence on dealer satisfaction: A comparison of reseller-supplier relationships, â€Å"Journal of retailing†, vol 70, pp.196 Lee Corey (1995), â€Å"The Evolution of Supply- Chain-Management Models and Practice at Hewlett-Packard. Interfaces†, vol 25 pp. 42-63: Lowson (2001), Retail operational strategies in complex supply chains, â€Å"international journal of logistics management†, vol 12, pp 97 – 111 Marchant, Fernie Pfab (2000), Retail grocery logistics in the UK, â€Å"International journal of logistics management† vol 11, pp. 83 – 92 Mentzer, De witt, Keebler, Smith (2001), A framework of logistics Research, â€Å"Journal of business logistics†, vol 16, pp 231 – 250 Morrison Assendelft (2006), Charting a new course: the retail merchandising supply network, supply chain management review, vol 10 pp 54 – 60 Parry Ingene (2000), Is channel coordination all it is cracked up to beâ€Å"Journal of retailing†, vol 76, pp.551 Perry Bloom (2001), Retailer power and supplier welfare: The case of Wal-mart, â€Å"Journal of retailing†, vol 77, pp.379 Porter (1996), What is strategy?, Harvard Business Review, 74(6), 61 Vidyaranya Gargeya (2005), Global supply chain design: A literature review and critique, vol 4, pp.30–36 Weitz, Bradford Stringfellow (2004), Managing conflict to improve effectiveness of retail networks, â€Å"Journal of retailing†, vol 80, pp. 181 – 195 Zacharia, Mentzer Min (2000), The nature of interfirm partnering in supply chain management, â€Å"journal of retailing†, vol 76, pp.54 How to cite Retail Supply Chain Management, Essay examples

Islam, Modernity, and Justice for Women

Table of Contents Introduction Islam and modernity Muslim Modernists’ views on modernity Fundamentalists’ views on modernity Islam and Justice for Women Conclusion References Introduction Islam is a monotheistic religion, which was introduced by Prophet Mohammed. Muslims consider Mohammed as the last prophet of God (Allah). â€Å"Islam is a noun derived from the trilateral root s-l-m which forms a large class of words mostly relating to concepts of wholeness, safeness, and peace. In religious context, Islam means voluntary submission to God or Allah (Kamrava, 2006, pp. 15-17).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Islam, Modernity, and Justice for Women specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Islamic religion is based on five pillars, which are the major concepts and mandatory acts of worship. The Islamic religion highly regards every aspect of humanity. It seeks to instill moral values such as peace, well being, and justice to its followers. Every Muslim should uphold these values. According to the Islamic religion, all human beings are equal before God or Allah. The Islamic religion also aims at producing whole-rounded Muslims with balanced personalities. This research paper examines the relationship between Islam, modernity, and justice for women. Islam and modernity Modernity refers â€Å"to a set of very large and important structural and material changes affecting people throughout the world† (Hunter, 2008, pp. 89-90). Therefore, modernity is a way of life in the contemporary world. It involves embracing change and new ideas. The modern mindset encourages individuals to make choices and queries, as well as, to engage in discussions (Cooper, 2000, p. 33). Various Muslim groups have reacted differently to the question of modernity. For instance, the Muslim modernists and fundamentalists differ in their views about modernity. Muslim Modernists’ views on m odernity The Muslim modernists are a group of devout and knowledgeable Muslims whose mission is threefold. The modernists seek to â€Å"define Islam by bringing out fundamentals in a rational and liberal manner; to emphasize the basic ideals of Islam; and to interpret the Islamic teachings in order to bring out its dynamism† (Cooper, 2000, pp. 77-78). The major aim of the Muslim modernists is to settle the differences that exist between secular rationalism and traditional beliefs, as well as, modernity and Islamic religion. Jamal al-Din al-Afghani has been credited to be the founder of Islamic modernism. According to al-Afghani, Muslims have a duty to apply the teachings found in the Quran to solve daily problems. Jamal al-Din al-Afghani strongly opposed the views of other Muslim scholars who were against the emergence of new ideas, which they considered a threat to the Islamic religion. Al-Afghani proposed that the Islamic religion should be vibrant and dynamic as stipulated in the Quran.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, one of the verses in the Quran states, â€Å"God can only change what is in a people until they change what is in themselves† (Keddie, 2000, pp. 100-101). Al-Afghani urged his followers to integrate change with religion in order to become better Muslims and to strengthen the Islamic faith. However, al-Afghani further states that Muslims should find their own way of integrating the modern changes into the Islamic faith. Jamal al-Afghani strongly believed that Muslims should embrace western knowledge, technology, as well as, western goods and services. However, al-Afghani cautioned Muslims to be selective in the process of embracing change from the west. He urged Muslims to acquire only what is beneficial and will enable them to have better living standards. Al-Afghani also introduced Islamic reformati on. This was a religious movement, which was comparable to the Christian reformation initiated by Martin Luther. Muhammad Abduh further spread Al-Afghani’s teachings. Muhammad Abduh was Al-Afghani’s student and a fervent follower of Al-Afghani. Muhammad Abduh stressed the importance of studying the Quran and applying logic and rationality. According to Muhammad Abduh, Muslims have the right to differ with the Ulama (Muslim religious scholars) incase the Ulama was irrational. Abduh encouraged his fellow Muslims to make use of reason, logic, and analysis in solving problems. Most Muslim modernists like Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Muhammad Abdul, and Mahmud Muhammad Taha among others embraced modern western ideas and knowledge. Therefore, the Muslim modernists are not skeptical of western ideas. The Muslim modernists have embraced western ideas, which they consider beneficial to the Islamic religion and Muslim societies. They imaginatively synthesize â€Å"Islamic and weste rn ideas to produce a reasonable and relevant re-interpretation of Islamic thought with enlightened cosmopolitan, liberal, and realistic perspectives† (Keddie, 2000, pp. 137-138). According to the modernists, embracing modern changes not only makes individual Muslims to live better lives, but also leads to the advancement of Muslim societies. The modernists’ views have led to the integration of modern ideas into various aspects of Muslims’ lifestyles. For instance, a number of cultural, technological, and scientific changes have been witnessed in several Muslim societies. This flexibility to modern ideas is part and parcel of Islamic legal traditions.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Islam, Modernity, and Justice for Women specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Islamic law also has room for new ideas and changes. For example, in the nineteenth century there was an attempt to build a mod ern state in Egypt. This move eventually led to the reformulation of the Islamic law. However, the reformulation of the Islamic law did not lead to the rewriting or abandonment of the elements of the Islamic laws. Fundamentalists’ views on modernity Fundamentalism dates back to the early years of 1920’s. â€Å"It was first used in the United States of America following the battles of leading evangelical Protestants against liberal and progressive spirits of the age† (Husain, 2009, pp. 10-11). Fundamentalism currently exists in all religions. Fundamentalism can hinder one from having a full understanding of a given religion because fundamentalists are rigid in the interpretation of religious texts. As a result, people may not get the deeper spiritual aspect of a religion. Therefore, due to the rapid change in the modern world, fundamentalist thinking may be rendered irrelevant. â€Å"The diverse nature and complexity of human problems require that religious text s to be interpreted by putting at the forefront the goal of the religion† (Hunter, 2008, pp. 65-66). Fundamentalism has a number of characteristics. First, fundamentalists are opposed to marginalization of the Islamic religion. Second, the fundamentalists believe that the world is characterized by two aspects namely, the light and the darkness. Third, the fundamentalists are selective and absolutist. Fundamentalists are also opposed to modernity since they consider it a threat to religion. However, failure to embrace modernity is likely to result into political crumble of any modern state. Fundamentalist thinking also tend to foster dictatorship and corruption in any given modern state. In most Muslim countries, there have been unbalanced rate of modernization, which has hampered the process of development. Despite the rapid changes that have been experienced technologically, politically, socially and economically, many Muslim countries have not embraced the changes. Modernity has more often been linked to westernization and secularization, which makes it unhealthy. â€Å"The unhappy predicament of nation building, modernizing and secularizing the Muslim world has given rise to a number of crises, afflicting the fragile nation states of developing world† (Cooper, 2000, p. 58). Therefore, the fundamentalist thinking to some extent have hindered the integration of change and new ideas into the Muslim societies.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Islam and Justice for Women Over the past three decades, a rapid growth in the Islamic faith has been witnessed. For example, a number of Islamic institutions such as Islamic banking, Islamic schools, and insurance companies have been established. Therefore, the Islamic religion is becoming more vibrant and active in Muslim societies and communities. This progress in the Islamic religion has had great impact on women. Despite the several changes that have been experienced in Islam, the Islamic legal system that handles issues affecting Muslim women have remained unchanged over the years (Hunter, 2008, p. 77). The legal system that has remained static since its formulation centuries ago continues to be used in matters pertaining to divorce, inheritance, and leadership roles. To a large extent, the Islamic legal system tends to favor men over women. Islamic fundamentalism has further led to subjugation and control of Muslim women. According to the fundamentalists, women are supposed t o perform primary roles such as housekeeping. They also prohibit social mixing of the different genders. In countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran and other Middle East countries, a lot of restrictions are put on women. For instance, it is a requirement for every woman to put on veils. Women are also not allowed to leave their houses without a guard or to occupy public offices (Hunter, 2008, p. 81). The challenges facing Muslim women have led to the emergence of Islamic feminism. However, scholars have differing opinions concerning the term Islamic feminism because of the nature of Muslim societies that emphasize patriarchy. The Muslim feminists continue to practice Islamic teaching while promoting democratic moral values of Islam. Muslim feminists use verses from the Quran to fight for their rights. In Indonesia, the Muslim feminist movement is based on values and tradition. They aim at promoting justice for women as advocated by the Islamic faith. Conclusion From the above discussio n, the Islamic religion continues to progress and to spread in different parts of the world. The Islamic religion also continues to influence almost every aspect of Muslims’ lifestyles. However, some of its adherents have not adopted the new ideas and tremendous social changes that have been witnessed globally. Most Muslims, especially, in Islamic states are still holding on to traditional religious beliefs that deny women of their rights. For instance, in countries like Afghanistan a woman is still treated as a weaker and an inferior being. As a result, most women in these countries have remained under the dominance of their husbands. Such practices in the Islamic faith violate women’s rights and deny them justice. However, there are Muslims who appreciate the new developments that have been witnessed globally. These groups of Muslims, who are also known as the modernists, have integrated the new ideas of the west into their societies by interpreting the Muslim law in accordance to societal needs and aspirations. Therefore, it is through this kind of flexibility that solutions to the problems that affect humanity today can be dealt with effectively. References Cooper, J. (2000). Islam and Modernity: Muslim Intellectuals Resond. New York: I.B. Tauris. Hunter, S. (2008). Reformist Voices of Islam: Mediating Islam and Modernity. New York: M.E. Sharpe. Husain, E. (2009). The Islamist: Why I Became an Islamic Fundamentalist. Chicago: Penguin Group. Kamrava, M. (2006). The New Voices of Islam: Reforming Politics and Modernity. New York: I.B.Tauris. Keddie, N. (2000). A Political Biography. Carlifornia: Univrsity of Carlifornia Press. This research paper on Islam, Modernity, and Justice for Women was written and submitted by user Lamar I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The History of Archaeology Part 1 - The First Archaeologists

The History of Archaeology Part 1 - The First Archaeologists The history of archaeology as a study of the ancient past has its beginnings at least as early as the Mediterranean Bronze Age. Archaeology as a scientific study is only about 150 years old. Interest in the past, however, is much older than that. If you stretch the definition enough, probably the earliest probe into the past was during New Kingdom Egypt [ca 1550-1070 BC], when the pharaohs excavated and reconstructed the Sphinx, itself originally built during the 4th Dynasty [Old Kingdom, 2575-2134 BC] for the Pharaoh Khafre. There are no written records to support the excavationso we dont know which of the New Kingdom pharaohs asked for the Sphinx to be restoredbut physical evidence of the reconstruction exists, and there are ivory carvings from earlier periods that indicate the Sphinx was buried in sand up to its head and shoulders before the New Kingdom excavations. The First Archaeologist Tradition has it that the first recorded archaeological dig was operated by Nabonidus, the last king of Babylon who ruled between 555-539 BC. Nabonidus contribution to the science of the past is the unearthing of the foundation stone of a building dedicated to Naram-Sin, the grandson of the Akkadian king Sargon the Great. Nabonidus overestimated the age of the building foundation by 1,500 yearsNaram Sim lived about 2250 BC, but, heck, it was the middle of the 6th century BC: there were no radiocarbon dates.  Nabonidus was, frankly, deranged (an object lesson for many an archaeologist of the present), and Babylon was eventually conquered by Cyrus the Great, founder of Persepolis and the Persian empire. Excavating Pompeii and Herculaneum Most of the early excavations were either religious crusades of one sort or another, or treasure hunting by and for elite rulers, pretty consistently right up until the second study of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The original excavations at Herculaneum were simply treasure-hunting, and in the early decades of the 18th century, some of the intact remains covered by nearly 60 feet of volcanic ash and mud 1500 years before were destroyed in an attempt to find the good stuff. But, in 1738, Charles of Bourbon, King of the Two Sicilies and founder of the House of Bourbon, hired antiquarian Marcello Venuti to reopen the shafts at Herculaneum. Venuti supervised the excavations, translated the inscriptions, and proved that the site was indeed, Herculaneum. Charles of Bourbon is also known for his palace, the Palazzo Reale in Caserta. And thus was archaeology born. Sources A bibliography of the history of archaeology has been assembled for this project. History of Archaeology: The Series Part 1: The First Archaeologists  - You are here Part 2: The Effects of the Enlightenment Part 3: Is the Bible Fact or Fiction? Part 4: The Astounding Effects of Orderly Men Part 5: The Five Pillars of Archaeological Method Bibliography

When So Becomes Annoying

When So Becomes Annoying When â€Å"So† Becomes Annoying When â€Å"So† Becomes Annoying By Maeve Maddox The tiny English word so has numerous uses. Merriam-Webster gives it separate entries as adverb, conjunction, adjective, and pronoun. Most of the time, little so goes about its business unnoticed, but one of its functions has been provoking heated discussion on the Web: the use of so as â€Å"a discourse marker.† The term â€Å"discourse marker† was coined in the 1960s to describe â€Å"a word or phrase whose function is to organize discourse into segments and situate a clause, sentence, etc., within a larger context.† Here are some words and phrases commonly used as discourse markers in speech: well you know like now I think you see oh I mean OK actually These are words we all interject into speech for reasons that have nothing to do with grammar. For example: Well, I was a little worried. Now, a clever man would put the poison into his own goblet. You know, not everyone shares your opinion on that. OK, let’s take a vote. I think I’ll go now. These markers serve no grammatical function, but they do advance discourse in various ways. As a discourse marker at the beginning of a sentence, so may do any of the following: initiate discourse So, how was the interview? mark a shift in topic or activity So, what should we do now? begin an explanation So, disconnect the power cord and remove the back panel. preface the response to any question Interviewer: What is the focus of your research? Interview subject: So, I study samples of creek water to track pollution. avoid giving a direct answer Interviewer: Why did you lay off so many workers? Interview subject: So, our sales have been stagnant for some time. The use of so as a sentence-starter has provoked numerous discussions on the Web. Business consultant Hunter Thurman gives three reasons for avoiding the practice of beginning a sentence with so: 1. â€Å"So† insults your audience. 2. â€Å"So undermines your credibility. 3. â€Å"So† demonstrates that you’re not 100% comfortable with what you’re saying. PR consultant Cherry Chapell, on the other hand, sees this use of so as â€Å"a good way of giving yourself time to think.† Linguistics professor Penelope Gardner-Chloros suggests that a speaker who starts an answer with so â€Å"is saying what he wants to say, like a politician- but trying to make it sound like it’s an answer to the question.† Like many linguistic targets of criticism, so as a sentence-starter draws extreme reactions from the general public. I’ve seen comments that question the intelligence of speakers who begin sentences with so and accuse them of defiling the language. I’ve seen other comments that cite the fact that Seamus Heaney translated the opening â€Å"Hwaet† of Beowulf as â€Å"So!† as proof that so must be all right in any context. The reality is that sometimes so is an appropriate sentence-starter, and sometimes it is an irritant. When a speaker habitually begins sentences with so, listeners may react in one of two ways. Some are able to filter out the so’s and concentrate on content. Others, however, are distracted by them and may tune out the content as they count the so’s. When beginning a sentence with so becomes a verbal tic, it has lost its usefulness as a discourse marker. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Mostly Small But Expressive Interjections"Gratitude" or "Gratefulness"?10 Varieties of Syntax to Improve Your Writing